传统文化对中国古典园林的影响

中国古典园林在一定程度上反映了中国人的宇宙观、人生观、艺术精神与性格,并由此体现在园林的风格、布局以及审美情趣上.而中国传统文化所包含的儒、道、禅以及风水的哲学思想对于这些建园因素,则起了决定性的作用.文章从中国传统文化各派思想的精神实质出发,探讨它们对中国古典园林的影响.参20     

黄河流域古竹林名园考略

中华数千年文明史中,在我国黄河流域中下游地区分布有众多竹林和竹园,它们为历代经济、文化和社会发展做出了重大贡献.该文概述了古代北方竹林-竹园的演进和发展,重点考察了渭河流域的鄠盩厔)竹林和太行山东南麓的淇园与河内竹园的历史沿革、史实逸事和现状.指出当代仅有的河内古竹园遗存具有重大的人文、生态和经济价值,值得珍视和加以保护,促进其可持续发展.     

Direct and indirect lymphocyte participation in the immunity and immunopathology of tropical canine pancytopenia—A review

Erlichia canis, a rickettsial pathogen which infects monocytes, induces generalized lymphocyte activation. Activated T lymphocytes differentiate into effector cells capable of destroying infected and uninfected monocytes and platelets. Activated B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells associated with plasmocytosis, hypergammaglobulinemia with high levels of specific antibody and a platelet migration inhibition factor. These effector mechanisms, aimed at parasite destruction, contribute to the pathogenesis of acute tropical canine pancytopenia and do not completely eliminate the etiologic agent. A carrier state of ‘infection-immunity’ exists between the immunocompetent host and virulent parasite. E. canis has evolved mechanisms of ‘tolerant-symbiosis’ with hostile macrophages and other effector cells in the immune host.     

中国园林及其对日本的影响

作者从中国皇家宫苑、寺院丛林、自然山水园和私家文人园四个方面系统而全面地论述了中国园林及其对日本的影响,并以日本国仿效中国造园的具体事例,证明中国园林对日本造园艺术的影响尤为深刻.     

保定市植物园植物配置浅析

为了把植物园改建成生态园,发挥其休闲、娱乐和科普教育作用,于2011年10月31日至2011年11月15日对保定市植物园内植物配置进行了调查和图片材料搜集。整理分析结果表明:植物园植物配置特点突出,主要表现为植物种类丰富多彩,重视乡土树种的使用,同时也加大引进力度,管理养护较好。同时,积极展示各种植物的姿态,以及多种植物相互搭配的群体美,充分体现了植物建园、生态建园、文化建园的原则和理念。     

热带兰花品种退化原因及防退措施探讨

兰花是兰科植物的总称,是开花植物中最大的家族之一。而热带兰花因花色艳丽、花期长等特点而深受消费者青睐。目前常有优良品种发生花朵变异及抗性减弱等现象,文章针对这一问题,就热带兰花优良品种退化的主要原因进行分析,有针对性的提出相应防治措施,以期为广大热带兰花生产者提供理论参考。     

漳州主要长期蕉园土壤肥力分析与施肥建议

对漳州市种植年限10 a以上主要蕉园土壤养分状况进行调查及评价,为漳州市香蕉园的土壤管理、合理施肥和香蕉产业的可持续发展提供参考。结果表明：漳州市蕉园土壤酸性较强,有机质含量处于中等偏下水平;92.31％的蕉园土壤碱解氮偏低;92.31％的有效磷含量处于极高水平;84.62％的蕉园土壤速效钾处于较高水平。对于中微量元素而言,84.62％的蕉园土壤交换性钙、92.31％的有效硫含量处于适宜香蕉生长的范围,30.77％的土壤交换性镁处于缺乏状态;土壤微量元素中有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌含量丰富,但92.31％的蕉园土壤有效硼含量低于临界值,硼素缺乏严重。因此,为了实现蕉园合理施肥和可持续发展,漳州市长期蕉园应施用石灰类物质或其他碱性肥料提高土壤pH,增施有机肥培肥地力;在施用化肥时,重施氮肥,适量施用硼砂和有机硼肥,适当减少钾肥用量,部分地区增施镁肥。     

热带地区街旁小游园建设特征研究——以湛江为例

城市街旁小游园的可达性和灵活多变性使其在城市景观环境空间中成为具有重要意义的过渡空间。以湛江市为例,选取3个具有代表性的街旁小游园,通过对其区位特点、空间处理、地域性景观体现和游憩特色4个方面的建设特征进行调查分析,提出热带地区街旁小游园的建设应做到以人为本、体现热带园林景观地域性特色、注重地方文化的传承与更新的观点。     

Comparison of temporal and spatial changes in three major tropical forests based on MODIS data

Numerous studies have shown that intact tropical forests account for half of the total terrestrial sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide.Here,we analyzed and compared changes in three main tropical forest regions from 2000 to 2014,based on time-series analysis and landscape metrics derived from moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer data.We examined spatialpattern changes in percentage of tree cover and net primary production(NPP)for three tropical forest regions—Amazon basin,Congo basin,and Southeast Asia.The results show that:the Amazon basin region had the largest tropical forest area and total NPP and a better continuity of TC distribution;the Southeast Asia region exhibited a sharp decrease in NPP and had comparatively separate spatial patterns of both TC and NPP;and the Congo basin region exhibited a dramatic increase in NPP and had better aggregation of forest NPP distribution.Results also show that aggregative patterns likely correlate with high NPP values.     

Effect of forest fragmentation on fruit and seed predation of the tropical dry forest tree Ceiba aesculifolia

Forests fragmentation reduces the density of natural plant populations forming patches of the remaining individuals. One of the biotic interactions that can be affected by forest fragmentation and is poorly studied is seed predation. We determined the effects of forest fragmentation on seed and fruit predation in Ceiba aesculifolia by comparing trees in continuous forest with trees in fragmented forest. We compared the following variables: (a) frequency of fruit predation by Collie’s squirrel (Sciurus colliaei) in each habitat; (b) frequency of the cotton-staining bug seed predator (Dysdercus, Orden Hemiptera) in each habitat; (c) the effect of seed predation on germination frequency and time; and (d) the effect of different life stages of Dysdercus on seed viability. In continuous habitat, 100% of the trees presented fruits with squirrel predation while only 34% of trees in fragmented habitats presented fruit predation. In continuous forest 27% of the trees contained fruits with the seed predator Dysdercus, while only 2% of the trees in fragmented forest presented Dysdercus. The initial weight of damaged seeds was greater than seeds that were not damaged indicating that seed predators select heavier seeds to feed upon. Frequency of seed germination was affected by different life stages; pre-adults decreased germination significantly more than nymphs and adults. Seed predation significantly increased the time it took for germination to occur. Our study shows that forest fragmentation significantly affects predation patterns of squirrels and cotton-staining bugs. Reduction of natural seed predators in forest fragments may have long-term consequences on forest structure and diversity.